feline coronavirus

Feline Coronavirus (FCOV) has a high infection rate in cat populations and is widely present worldwide. It mainly infects feline animals, especially domestic cats.

1.It is an RNA virus belonging to the coronavirus family, with a typical coronavirus morphology. The virus particles are spherical with a diameter of approximately 80-160 nanometers.

2.The important characteristic of RNA viruses is the lack of precise proofreading mechanisms during genome replication, similar to DNA viruses. This makes it easy for base mismatches, insertions, or deletions to occur during virus replication, leading to mutations in the virus.

Driving factors of feline coronavirus mutation：

1.Host immune system pressure: When a cat's immune system responds to a virus, the virus undergoes adaptive mutations in order to evade the host's immune defense.

2.Host cell environment: The feline coronavirus relies on host cell mechanisms for replication and transcription processes. Different host cell environments, such as enzyme systems, pH levels, nutrients, etc., may affect the accuracy of virus replication.

3.Environmental factors: Changes in the living environment of cats, such as different feeding conditions, exposure to new chemicals, and contact with other animals (including those carrying other pathogens), may stimulate the virus and cause it to mutate.

4.The pressure of medication and treatment methods: During the treatment of cats infected with feline coronavirus, the drugs used may exert selective pressure on the virus, leading to mutations.

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

The main categories of cat transmitted abdomen are wet, dry, and mixed.

1.Wet cat abdomen transmission: Also known as exudative feline transmission. Its characteristic is the presence of a large amount of fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity (most commonly) or chest cavity of cats. These fluid accumulations are caused by the inflammatory response triggered by viral infection, leading to an increase in vascular permeability and the leakage of plasma into the body cavity. Abdominal fluid accumulation can cause significant swelling in the abdomen of cats, which can be easily detected from the appearance. And pleural effusion can compress the lungs and heart, causing symptoms such as difficulty breathing and increased heart rate in cats.

2.Dry Cat Abdominal Transmission: Also known as non exudative feline transmission. The main manifestation is the formation of granulomas in various organs of cats, such as the liver, spleen, kidneys, eyes, central nervous system, etc. For example, uveitis may occur in the eyes of cats, causing their eyes to become cloudy, red, photophobia, and vision to decline; If the nervous system is affected, cats may exhibit behavioral abnormalities such as excessive sleepiness or excitement, seizures, ataxia (walking instability), and other symptoms. Granulomas formed in organs within the abdominal cavity can be detected through examination methods such as ultrasound.

3.Mixed feline transmission of abdomen: Mixed feline transmission of abdomen means having both wet and dry characteristics of feline transmission of abdomen. Cats usually experience general symptoms such as depression, decreased appetite, and weight loss, as well as symptoms such as abdominal and thoracic fluid accumulation, and the formation of granulomas in various organs (such as the liver, spleen, kidneys, eyes, etc.), which often cause damage to organ function.

treatment method

In the past, feline transmission of abdomen was considered an almost incurable disease, usually treated with supportive therapies such as fluid extraction, nutritional support, antibiotic therapy, etc.

1.GS - 441524（441）Drug therapy: This is currently one of the most effective drugs for treating feline transmission. Its mechanism of action is to inhibit the replication of feline coronavirus by interfering with its RNA synthesis.

2.GC376 drug therapy: This drug can also have a certain therapeutic effect on feline transmission. It mainly inhibits the protease activity of the virus, preventing its assembly and release.

KCI Anti infection research and service platform

data display

Establishment of Cat FIPV Attack Model

Experimental animals: Ying Short, female, 12 months old, blood coronavirus type I and II PCR identification negative.

Experimental purpose：Establish a cat transmitted abdominal virus infection model using FIPV oral and nasal instillation to provide reference for subsequent antiviral efficacy trials.

Infection conditions：Oral administration+nasal drip FIPV, 1*10^5 TCID50, 1ml

Clinical Symptoms&Survival Monitoring

Biochemical diagnosis of feline transmission: elevated TP, ALB decreased, GLO increases, A/G decreased, associated with immune inflammatory response

Pathological changes in the chest, heart, and lungs

Pathological changes in spleen and lymph nodes

Renal swelling, multifocal white lesions

Study on the immunogenicity and antiviral protection of FIPV vaccine

Experimental animals: Ying Short, female, 12 months old, blood coronavirus type I and II PCR identification negative.

Experimental purpose：Evaluate the immunogenicity and antiviral protection of the tested vaccine against coronavirus type I and II detected by PCR in the blood and feces of cats, providing a basis for subsequent vaccine development.

Infection conditions：Oral administration+nasal drip FIPV, 1*10^5 TCID50, 1ml

Immune level testing

Blood routine and blood biochemistry

Pathology - Lung

（Black arrows indicate inflammation）

Pathology - Liver

Pathology - Kidney